Gene Expression Regulation

Gene expression regulation refers to the intricate mechanisms by which cells control the transcription and translation of genes to produce specific proteins. Regulation of gene expression is essential for cellular differentiation, development, and response to environmental stimuli. This process involves a complex interplay of regulatory elements, such as transcription factors, enhancers, silencers, and epigenetic modifications. Dysregulation of gene expression can lead to various diseases, including cancer, neurodevelopmental disorders, and metabolic conditions. MD students must have a thorough understanding of gene expression regulation to appreciate the molecular basis of disease and potential targets for therapeutic intervention.